1 Samuel 1:5

Authorized King James Version

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But unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion; for he loved Hannah: but the LORD had shut up her womb.

Original Language Analysis

חַנָּה֙ But unto Hannah H2584
חַנָּה֙ But unto Hannah
Strong's: H2584
Word #: 1 of 12
channah, an israelitess
יִתֵּ֛ן he gave H5414
יִתֵּ֛ן he gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 2 of 12
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
מָנָ֥ה portion H4490
מָנָ֥ה portion
Strong's: H4490
Word #: 3 of 12
properly, something weighed out, i.e., (generally) a division; specifically (of food) a ration; also a lot
אַחַ֖ת a H259
אַחַ֖ת a
Strong's: H259
Word #: 4 of 12
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
אַפָּ֑יִם worthy H639
אַפָּ֑יִם worthy
Strong's: H639
Word #: 5 of 12
properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
כִּ֤י H3588
כִּ֤י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 6 of 12
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 7 of 12
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
חַנָּה֙ But unto Hannah H2584
חַנָּה֙ But unto Hannah
Strong's: H2584
Word #: 8 of 12
channah, an israelitess
אָהֵ֔ב for he loved H157
אָהֵ֔ב for he loved
Strong's: H157
Word #: 9 of 12
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
וַֽיהוָ֖ה but the LORD H3068
וַֽיהוָ֖ה but the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 10 of 12
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
סָגַ֥ר had shut up H5462
סָגַ֥ר had shut up
Strong's: H5462
Word #: 11 of 12
to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
רַחְמָֽהּ׃ her womb H7358
רַחְמָֽהּ׃ her womb
Strong's: H7358
Word #: 12 of 12
the womb

Analysis & Commentary

The Hebrew phrase translated 'worthy portion' is debated; some render it 'double portion' (as given to the firstborn) while others translate it 'one portion only' (emphasizing her solitary, childless state). Either reading underscores Elkanah's love for Hannah despite her barrenness. The crucial theological statement 'the LORD had shut up her womb' affirms divine sovereignty over fertility. God's closing of Hannah's womb was purposeful preparation for a miraculous opening that would display His glory and provide Israel's needed leader.

Historical Context

In ancient Israel, barrenness was often interpreted as divine disfavor, though Scripture presents a more nuanced view. God sovereignly closed the wombs of Sarah, Rebekah, and Rachel before miraculously opening them, establishing a pattern of divine intervention that produces covenant children.

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